System of motor control.



No. 762,409. PATENTED JUNE 14, 1904.

G. H. HILL.

SYSTEM OF MOTOR CONTROL.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 25. 1902, RENEWED NOV. 3, 1903. I

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No. 762,409. PATENTED JUNE 14, 1904.

\ v G. H. HILL.

SYSTEM OF MOTOR CONTROL.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 25. 1902. RENEWED NOV. 3, 1903.

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PATENTED JUNE 14, 1904.

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SYSTEM 015' MOTOR CONTROL.

APPLIGATION FILED mm 26. 1902. RENEWED NOV. 3, 1903.

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UNITED STATES Patented June 14, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

SYSTEM OF MOTOR CONTROL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 762,409, dated J une14, 1904.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE H. HILL, a citizen of the United States, anda resident of Glenridge, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey,have invented a System of Motor Control, of which the following is afull, clear, and exact description, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which*Figure 1 is a diagram of an apparatus embodying my invention. Fig. 2 isa detail View showing in simple form the controllingmagnets and theirswitches. Fig. 3 is a view illustrating a modification of my invention.Fig. 4 is a diagram of another modification. Figs. 5 and 6 are diagramviews illustrating the operation of the master-switch. Figs. 7 and 10are elevations illustrating in diagram two modifications of myinvention. Figs. 8 and 9 are detail views of parts of the apparatus ofFig. 7.

In Fig. 1 I show the apparatus in connection with the train-line andcouplers of the multiple unit system of train control which is describedand claimed in the patent of Frank J. Sprague, No. 660,065.

My purpose is to provide a control apparatus in which the motors arecontrolled by successively-operated contact devices. The apparatus inits best form has the following characteristics which, in combination, Ibelieve to be new, and some of which are also individually new. Theyrender the control automatic and safe. Leading characteristics of theinvention are First. A motor-control system in which the contact devicesor power-actuated switches are automatically operated in succession andin which the progression may be stopped at any desired point. Acontrolling system comprising actuating means, and maintaining means isprovided for controlling the operation of the contact devices. Thiscontrolling system serves to arrest the progression of the contactdevices and to maintain the contact devices which have been alreadyactuated. The controlling system is preferably so arranged that when onepart of the system (the actuating means) is rendered inoperative theother part of the system, (the maintaining means,)

which holds the contacts closed after they have been actuated, isunaiiected. Provision is thus made for checking the cutting out ofresistance at any desired point by a movement of the master controllingdevice, and the motorman can operate at any speed he desiresindependently of the automatic progression. This checking isaccomplished by positive means at the master controlling device.

Second. Provision for insuring the progression of the control lirst inseries and then in multiple relation of the motors through thesuccessive resistance steps at all times, even though the motorman throwthe handle of the master ,controlling device directly to its fullmultiple position.

In the particular embodiment of myinvention which I have illustrated inmy present application the controlling system is electrical in itscharacter and consists of actuating and maintaining circuits throughwhich current is supplied to electromagnets which operate the switchesor contact devices. The arrangement of the circuits and switches shownin Fig. 1 is as follows: A, B, C, and l) are elce tromagnets operatingswitches or contacts A A B B U C I) I), each contact bridging aresistance R R R" It", &c., in the motor-circuit. S and M are magnetsoperating the main contacts S S \l' M which eii'ect the series andparallel connections of the motors. L is a magnet operating contacts Land L which open and close the motor-circuit. E is the automaticmultiple governing magnet or relay which controls the contacts 11, 12,and 13 in the circuits of the controlling-magnets. Besides controllingthe main contacts above noted the magnets A, B, (l, l), S, M, and L alsocontrol the small contacts or auxiliary switches A A* A A" B B, &c.,which are in the circuits of the controlling-magnets. (J0mpensatingresistances r r &c., are provided in the controllingmagnet circuits. Fis a throttle-magnet whose coil is in the motor circuit and whichcontrols the contact 1 in the actuating-circuit of the magnets. Itsfunction is to interrupt the actuating-circuit of thecontrolling-magnets automatically when the current in the motor-circuitexceeds a predetermined value. I 1 I, &c., are blow-out magnets forrupturing the arcs at the various motor-contacts. G and H are magnetsoperating the reverser-contacts J, J J J, J ,J

car with the couplers U U. By connecting the couplers on successive carsby suitable jumpers a number of cars can be operated from anymaster-switch on any car.

- The operation is as follows: Suppose the master-switch K to have itshandle moved so that its contacts are in the first forwardposition,(marked 5.) Current then flows from the sliding contact Vthrough contacts 15 and 16 out 4, branching at 1, part passing through 1through cut-out switch Q and couplers U to other cars and part passingto 1 through reverser-magnet G, to 6. Fig. 1 of the drawings shows thereverser moved into its forward position. If it were in its backposition, the current would pass from 6 out to 8 to L, to ground. Thereverser-magnet G would thus be energized and move the reverser to itsforward position, as shown. In doing so 8 moves off its contact and 10onto its contact, and current passes from 6 out 10 through magnet L,contacts L", M, and S, to ground. Magnet L is thus energized and closesits contacts L L L L and opens L and L. WV hen L opens, current passesfrom the magnet L through resistance r, to ground. These movementsestablish another circuit as follows: from the contact 16 at themaster-switch out 2, branching at 2, part going through 2 to other carsand part to 2 through magnet S, contact M, contact A, resistance 1',contact L, to ground. Magnet S then closes its contacts S S S and opensS and Closing S and S completes the circuit through the main motors inseries as follows: from the sliding contact or trolley V, blow-out I,contact L, throttle-magnet F, blow-out I, resistance R R, blow-out I,resistance R and R reversercontacts J J armature of motor No. 1,contacts J and J, field of motor No. 1, blowout 1, contacts S S L,resistance R, blow-out I, resistances R R, blow-out I, resistance R,reverser-contacts J J, armature of motor N o. 2, reverser-contacts J Jfield of motor No. 2, to ground. Nothing further takes place until thehandle of the master-switch K is moved. If it is moved in advancedirection to place its contacts in position 0, the circuits abovedescribed are not immediately affected; but another circuit, which Icall the controlling-magnet-actuating circuit, is established asfollows: from contact 16 out 1 at master-switch K, branching at 1, partgoing to other cars and part through contact 1 through contact A, magnetA, contact B, resistance 0, contact G, resistance '2', contact D,resistance 2, contact S, to ground. Magnet A is thus energized, closingcontacts A A, thus bridging the resistance R R and closing the contactsA and A and opening contacts A Opening the contact A and closing Acauses the circuit already traced from master-switch contact 2 throughmagnet Sto be shifted from A to A, thus establishing What I call themaintaining-circuit of the controlling-magnets, and current then passesfrom contact M" through contact A, resist-- ance r, magnet A, contact B,resistance 9', contact C, resistance r, contact D, resistance 1*,contact S, to ground, thus maintaining the magnets S and A energized andholding the contacts S S S A A A A closed. Opening the contact A andclosing A causes circuit from contact 1 of the master-switch to beshifted from A (in the actuating-circuit) to A, (also in theactuatingcircuit,)and current passes from contact 1 through contact A,resistance a", contact B, magnet B, contact C, resistance 0', contact D,resistance 1, contact S, to ground. This energizes the magnet B, and itlifts, provided that the bridging of the resistances R R has not produced such an increase of current through the motors as to cause thethrottle-magnet F to lift, opening its contact 1, and thus opening theactuating-circuit and preventing the energizing of magnet B. When themotors have speeded up sufficiently to diminish the current to thenormal volume, the throttlemagnet F closes the contact 1, and the magnetB is energized, as above traced, and closes its contacts B and B, thusbridging the resistances R R, and also closes B and B and opens B and B.Opening B and closing B shifts the magnet B into the maintaining-circuitwith magnets A and S, and by opening B and closing B theactuating-circuit is thus shifted from 1 on the master-switch toresistance r and magnet G. If the flow of current through the motors isincreased above the normal amount by bridging the resistances R and R,the magnet F again lifts and interrupts the actuating-circuit withoutinterrupting the maintaining-circuit. When the current diminishes, themagnet F drops and reestablishes the actuating-circuit, which energizesthe magnet C. These operations proceed until all the magnets A, B, C,and D have been successively raised and all the resistances R to R havebeen bridged and the magnets A B O D shifted successively from theactuatingcircuit to the maintaining-circuit, each magnet being includedin the actuating-circuit by the preceding magnet and by its own movementbeing shifted from the actuatingrcircuit to the maintainingcircuit. Theactuatingcircuit and the maintaining-circuit are notin the controlledmain motor-circuit, but are in shunt thereto or independent thereof. Itis plain that if at any time during the progressive operation of themagnets A B C Dthe motorman moves the master-switch back to the position7) far enough to open the contact at 1 and interrupt theactuating-circuit, but not far enough to bringthe switch to 011'position and open the circuit at 2, the maintainingcircuit above tracedfrom contact 2 through the magnet S will cause those of the magnets A BC D which have already been operated to be maintained, but theactuatingcircuit from 1 being interrupted the progression of the magnetswill stop until the motorman again closes the master-switch contact 1.The motorman is thus enabled to stop the progression of the magnets andthe cutting out of resistance at any part of the cycle of operation. Theoperation of the last magnet D of the set of controlling-magnetsautomatically controls the circuit for the multiple switch, so thatuntil all of the controllingmagnets have been operated and themotoreircuits carried through thecomplete cycle from off position to theposition of no resistance with motors in series the multiple switchcannot be actuated and also that beforeitcan be actuated thecontrollingmagnets are brought to 0d or full resistance position and thecircuitof the motor preferably interrupted. This is an importantprovision and is preferably accomplished as follows: 1V hen the magnet Dmoves and closes its contacts D D D D the current in theactuating-circuit passes from 1 through 1, contact A, resistance 0',contact 13*, resistance r contact C, resistance "1' contact D", magnetE, resistance w, to ground. The multiple go\ *erningmagnet E is thusenergized and closes its contacts 12 and 13 and opens 11. In closing 13the magnet E is placed in shunt with the magnet L. Ifnow themaster-switch handle is moved to its multiple position (Z, the movementof the contact 2 on the switch breaks the circuit through said contact.This causes the magnets S, A, B, C, and D to drop, opening theirrespective contacts and the motor circuit. hen S and A have dropped,circuit is made from the master-switch, and current passes from contact16 out 3, branching at 3, part going to other cars and part to 3 throughcontact 12 on magnet E (which has not dropped with the other magnetssince it is in shunt with the magnet L and divides its current with it)to magnet M, contact S contact A, resistance 9' contact L, to ground.Magnet M then closes its contacts. Closing of contacts M and M closesthe circuit through the motors in multiple relation as follows: from thesliding contact or trolley V, blow-out 1 contact L, throttle-magnet F,blow-out 1, resistances R R, blow-out 1, resistances R and Rreverser-contacts J J armature of motor No 1, contacts J J", field ofmotor No. 1, contact M, to ground; also, from sliding contact V,blow-out I, contacts M? L", resistance R blow-out I resistances R andR", blowout I, resistance R, reverser-contacts J J, armature of motorNo. 2, reverser-contaets J J and held of said motor, to ground. If thehandle of the master-switch is now moved to its extreme multipleposition (7, the same cycle of operations takes place as abovedescribed, with ret'erence to the series relation of the motors,resulting in the successive ac tuation of the magnets A B C D under theautomatic governing of the throttle F, gradually cutting out themotor-resistances R to R, the controlling-magnets being shiftedsuccessively from the actuating-circuit to themaintaining-circuit, eachmagnet being included in the actuating-circuit by the preceding magnetand by its own movement being shifted from the actuating-circuit to themaintainingcircuit. At any time during the progression of the magnetswhile the motors are in multiple the motorman may check the progressionat will by moving the master-switch back from the position to theposition (Z, for by so doing the actuating-circuit from contact 1 isinterrupted, but the maintain ingcircuit from the contact 3 throughmagnet S being unaffected holds in action the magnets which have alreadybeen actuated.

The above complete cycle of operations, first in series then inmultiple, will always take place even though the master switch handle ismoved directly from off position to full multiple. If the motormanshould throw the handle quickly to full-multiple position withoutpausing at the series position, the reverser and the magnet L would beoperated. Then current would pass from contact 3 on the master-switch to3" through contact 11 to magnet S, &c., as first described. The cycle ofautomatic operations in such case islirst to put the motors in seriesrelation, successively operate the controlling-magnets, gradually cutout the resistances from the motor-circuit, energize the multiplegoverning-magnet E, interrupt the maintaining-eircuit of thecontrolling-magnets, release the said magnets and restore them to theiroriginal position, opencircuit the motors, actuate the multiple 1nagnet,and thus place the motors in multiple relation with all resistances in.The actuatingcircuit of the controlling-magnets is then reestablished,causing the said magnets to progress with shifting fromactuating-circuit to maintaining-circuit in multiple, as in seriesrelation of the motors, gradually cutting out the resistances for themotor-circuit with like safety and precision, as it the motorman hadmoved the handle gradually through its successive steps. The entirecycle is subject to the automatic control of the throttle-magnet F,which interrupts the aetuating-eircuit of the controlling-magnets and ofthe multiple &

governing-magnet Whenever the motorcurrent exceeds the normal volume. Itis also subject, as above explained, to the action of the master-switch,by which the motorman can at any time interrupt the actuating-circuitWithout interrupting the maintainingcircuit. hen the master-switchhandle is brought to off position, all control-circuits are broken, allmagnets return to their original position, and the motor-circuit isopened. The reverser is shown as being of the closedcircuit type anddoes not open its contacts when the magnets are deenergized, but remainsin its last moved position, and, as will be seen, the reverser-contactsmust be in or moved to the position indicated by the master-switchhandle before current can be admitted to the magnet L or the otheroperating-magnets.

In Fig. 2 I show a convenient construction of the contacts of thecontrolling-magnets. The plunger of each magnet carries aninsulating-blockf, to which the movable contacts are attached. In thissimplified figure and in Fig. l I show the resistances 7", &c., in thecircuits of the controlling-magnets. They are for the purpose ofmaintaining the total resistances of these circuits at a constant valueduring the successive actuation of the magnets. Thus as theactuating-circuit is shifted from the magnet A to magnet B theresistance r" is cut out and equivalent resistance r is cut into thecircuit, and as the circuit is shifted from magnet B to magnet C theresistance r is cut out and an equivalent resistance is cut into thecircuit, and so on. The resistance r is placed in the maintainingcircuitin order to reduce the value of the current in this circuit below thatof the actuating-circuit. This keeps the current required for thecontrol-circuits as small as possible and prevents heating of the coils.When the magnet B is included in the maintaining-circuit, the resistancer is excluded, and when the magnet C is included in themaintainingcircuit the resistance is excluded, &c.

In Fig. 3 I show the magnets A B C D and the actuating-circuit andmaintaining-circuit therefor in a simpler form. The actuatingcircuit foreach magnet passes directly to ground from the magnet instead of*passing through the switch-contact of the other magnets, and themaintaining-circuit extends from each magnet when it is actuateddirectly to ground and does not extend through the successive magnets inseries, so that when all the magnets have been actuated and are in themaintaining-circuit they are in parallel relation to each other. In thisfigure I also show magnets corresponding to the series and multiplemagnets S and M and the multiple governing-magnet E.

In Fig. i I show a modification of the apparatus. Like symbols are usedto refer to like parts, as in Fig. 1. The magnets/S orwhen the magnetsare deenergized.

NI are actuated and maintained by the circuits through the magnets ofthe reverser G or H subject to the multiple governing-magnets E and N,and the magnets L, A, B, C, and Dare operated by the actuating-circuitand act successively, each being put in the actuatingcircuit by thepreceding magnet and when moved being shifted to themaintaining-circuit, as described with reference to Fig. 1.

In Fig. 1 in passing from the series relation to the multiple relationof motors I show the motor-circuit opened by the contacts of the magnetS only, the contacts of the magnet L then remaining closed; but in Fig.4 1 show the contacts both of the magnet S and the magnet L adapted tobe opened at this time. I thus secure greater ease of operation andsmaller arcs in opening the circuit.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that within theprinciple of my invention as defined in my broader claims the skilledelectrician will be able to modify the parts of the apparatus and thearrangement of the circuit in many ways.

Instead of connecting the plungers of the several magnets withindividual resistance bridging-contacts, as above described, I mayemploy a single rheostat-cylinder of ordinary construction and provideeach of the plungers with a pawl engaging a ratchet on the shaft of saidcylinder so that as each plunger is raised it will impart to thecylinder a motion of certain definite extent. cutting out a certainamount of resistance from the motorcircuit. Such cylinder may beprovided with a spring which will restore it to its off position whenthe controlling-magnets are deenergized by interruption of theircircuit. Thisis illustrated in Figs. 7, 8, and 9. The plungers ofthemagnets A B C D have pawls 20 adapted to engage, respectively,ratchetteeth 21 on the shaft of the rotary cylinderswitch 22. Thisswitch carriescontact-plates 23, adapted to engage stationarycontactfingers 24C, and thus to short-circuit successively portions ofthe resistance 25 of the main motor-circuit. 26 is a spring by which theswitch 22 is returned to its off position The ratchet-teeth 21 are seton the shaft at different angles, and as the magnets are successivelyenergized they engage the appropriate ratchet-teeth and turn the switchforward one step, thus cutting out a portion of the resistance. Thearrangement of the circuits by which the magnets are operated is thesame as above described wit-h reference to the other figures of thedrawings.

A further modification of my invention is to substitute for the separateresistance bridging contacts of the motor-circuit a rheostatcylinderoperated by a pilot-motor: or other electromagnetic device. In such casethe controlling-magnets are provided with the actuating circuit andmaintaining circuit above described. Each of the plungers of the maq'netoperates as a relay to control a circuit !e..ding to the pilot-motor,and in each circuit there is a limit-contact operated by the pilot-motorand adapted to open the circuit thereof when the pilot-motor hasprogressed to a certain definite extent. I show this in Fig. 10,1'nwhich 22 is a cylinderswitch having plates 23. 24 are contact-fingers,and 25 the resistances of the main motor circuit, portions of which areshortcircuited as the fingers 24 are successively brought into contactwith the plates of the switch. 27 is a pilot-motor whose armature isconnected to the shaft of the switch 22 and to the shaft of a rotarycylinder limit-switch 28 and is adapted to rotate these switches. Thelimit-switch 28 carries plates 28, adapted to engage successivelycontact-fingers connected with wires 29 29*, &c. The wire 29 is directlyin the circuit of the pilot-motor, and the other wires lead,respectively, to contacts 30, &c., operated by the magnets A B C D,which magnets are connected and operated as shown on Sheets 1, 2, and 3of the drawings. \Vhen the magnet A is energized, it closes the circuitat 30 and current flows from the pilot-motor 27 through the wire 29,switch 28, wire 29, and contact 30 to The circuit is thus completedthrough the pilot-motor, and it drives the switches 22 and 28 until thecontact of wire 29 passes off the plate 28, which opens its circuit andstops the pilot-motor. \Vhen the magnet B is energized, the contacts 30"are closed, the circuit through the pilot-motor again closed, and thepilot-motor drives the switches until again stopped by the passing ofthe fingerof the wire 29" from the plate 28'. Operation of the magnets Gand D causes the rotation of the pilot-motor through definite steps inlike manner. lVhen all the magnets are deenergized, the circuit isclosed through the pilotmotor, contacts of wires 29 and 29, contacts 3131, &c., to The pilot-motor then drives the switches 22 28 until thecontactfinger of the wire 2.9 passes from the plate 28, when thepilot-motor stops, leaving the switch 22inits off position. (Shown inFig. 10.)

I claim 1. Inasystem of electrical control, the combination of a groupof successively-acting magnets, means for effecting their automaticprogression, amaster-switch, and circuits controlled by themaster-switch and adapted to arrest the progression of the magnets andto maintain the magnets already actuated; substantially as described.

2. In a control system for electric motors, the combination of a numberof successivelyoperating magnets, resistance mechanism moved thereby, amultiple switch and its magnet, and means actuated with one of theresistance-operating magnets and arranged to control the circuit of themultiple-switch magnet; substantially as described.

3. In a control system for electric motors, the combination of a numberof successivelyoperating magnets, individual resistance bridgingcontacts moved thereby, a multiple switch and its magnet, and meansactuated with one of the resistanceoperatingmagnets and arranged tocontrol the circuit of the multiple-switch magnet; substantially asdescribed.

4. In a control system for electric motors, the combination of a numberof successivelyacting magnets, resistance in the motor-circuitcontrolled thereby, multiple and series magnets adapted to connect themotors in parallel and series relation, a master-switch, a multiplegoverning-magnet controlling the circuit of the multiple magnet, andmeans adapted to close the circuit of the multiple governing-magnet at adefinite part of the cycle of operation of the successively-actingmagnets, whereby the movement of the master-switch from off position tomultiple position will cause the operation of the successively-actingmagnets before the operation of the multiple magnet; substantially asdescribed.

5. In a control system for electric motors, thecombination of a numberof successivelyacting magnets, resistance in the motor-circuitcontrolled thereby, multiple and series magnets adapted to connect themotors in se ries and parallel relation, a master-switch, a multiplegoverning-magnet controlling the circuit of the multiple magnet, meansadapted to close the circuit of the multiple governing-magnet at adefinite part of the cycle of operation of the successively-actingmagnets, whereby the movement of the master-switch from off position tomultiple position will cause the operation of the suceessively-actingmagnets before the operation of the multiple magnet, and a magnetenergized by the motorcircuit and adapted to interrupt the circuit ofthe controlling-magnets when the current in the motor-circuit exceeds adesired amount; substantially as described.

6. In a control system for electric motors, the combination of a numberof successivelyacting magnets, resistance in the motor-circuitcontrolled thereby, multiple and series magnets adapted to connect themotors in series and parallel relation, a master-switch, a multiplegoverning-magnet controlling the circuit of the multiple magnet, andmeans adapted to close the circuit of the multiple governing-magnetoperated with the last of the said successively-acting magnets, wherebythe movement of the master-switch from off position to multiple positionwill cause the operation of the successively-acting magnets before theoperation of the multiple magnet; substantially as described.

7. In a control system for electric motors, the combination of a numberof magnets controlling contacts in the motor-circuit, a master-switch, aplurality of circuits for the magnets individually controllable by themasterswitch and adapted to be connected thereby with a source of supplyof current, and means adapted automatically to include the magnets inone of the said circuits and to shift each magnet when it has operatedto the other circuit; substantially as described.

8. In a system of electrical control, the com: bination of amaster-switch, a number of resistance-controllingmagnets, anactuating-circuit and a maintaining-circuit for the magnets individuallycontrollable by the masterswitch, and means whereby the magnets aresuccessively included in the actuating-circuit and shifted to themaintaining-circuit; substantially as described.

9. In a system of electrical control, the combination of a hand-switch,a number of resistance-controlling magnets, an actuating-circuit and amaintaining-circuit for the magnets both leading from the hand-switch,and switches operated with the magnets and arranged to include themsuccessively in the actuatingcircuit and to shift them to themaintaining-circuit when they have been so actuated; substantially asdescribed.

10. In a control system for electric motors, the combination of a numberof magnets controlling contacts in the motor-circuit, a plurality ofcircuits for the magnets, a masterswitch for individually connecting anddisconnecting these circuits and a source of supply of current, meansadapted to include the magnets in one of the said circuits and to shifteach magnet when ithas operated to the other circuit, and a magnet inthe m0tor-circuit adapted to check the flow of current through the othermagnets when the main current exceeds a desired amount; substantially asdescribed.

11. In a control system for electric motors, the combination of a numberof magnets controlling contacts in the motor-circuit, a plurality ofcircuits for these magnets, a masterswitch for connecting anddisconnecting these circuits and a source of supply of current, meansadapted to include the magnets in one of the two circuits and to shifteach magnet when it has operated to the other circuit, and means at themaster-switch adapted to interru pt one of the said circuits withoutinterrupting the other circuit; substantially as described.

12. In a control system for electric motors, the combination of a numberof magnets controlling contacts in the motor-circuit, actuating andmaintaining circuits for these magnets, a master switch for connectingand disconnecting these circuits and a source of supply of current,means adapted to include the magnets in one of the said circuits and toshift each magnet when it has operated to the other circuit,means at themaster-switch adapted to interrupt one circuit without interrupting theother circuit, and an automatic switch actuated by the current in themotor-circuit and adapted to interrupt the actuating-circuit;substantially as described.

13. In a system of electrical control, the combination of amaster-switch, a number of resistance-controlling magnets, anactuatingcircuit and a maintaining-circuit for the magnets, meanswhereby the magncts are successively included in the actuating-circuitand shifted to the maintaining-circuit, and resistance devices in thesaid circuits adapted to maintain the resistance of said circuits at thesame value during operation of successive magnets; substantially asdescribed.

14;. In a control system for electric motors, the combination of anumber of magnets adapted to control contacts in the motor-circuit,actuating and maintaining circuits for these magnets, switches in theactuating and maintaining circuits moved by said magnets, the switchesof the several magnets being constructed to include a succeeding magnetin the actuating-circuit and to include its own magnet in themaintaining-circuit as the magnets are successively operated, and amaster-switch for connecting and disconnecting the said two circuits anda source of supply of current for opening one of said circuits withoutaffecting the other; substantially as described.

15. In a control system for electric motors, the combination of a numberof magnets adapted to control contacts in the motor-circuit, actuatingand maintaining circuits for these magnets, switches in the actuatingand maintaining circuits moved by said magnets, the switches of theseveral magnets being constructed to include a succeeding magnet in theactuating-circuit and to includeits own magnet in themaintaining-circuit asthe magnets are successively operated, a magnetadapted to connect the motors in multiple, and a master-switch forconnecting and disconnecting the said circuits and a source of supply ofcurrent, means actuated with the last of said number of magnets arrangedto interrupt the maintaining-circuit of said magnets and to establish acircuit through the magnet operating the multiple switch and toreestablish the said actuating-circuit; substantially as described.

16. In a control system for electric motors, the combination of a numberof controllingmagnets, actuating and maintaining circuits therefor, amagnet adapted to connect the m0- tors in multiple, means actuated bysaid controlling-magnets and adapted on the operation of the successivemagnets to include a succeeding magnet in the actuating-circuit and toinclude the actuated magnet in the maintainingcircuit, means actuatedwith one of the last of said magnets and adapted to interrupt themaintaining-circuit and to establish thereby IZC the circuit of themultiple magnet, means actuated with the multiple magnet and adapted toreestablish the said actuating-circuit, and a master-switch havingcontacts connected with said controlling-magnets and with the multiplemagnet, whereby on establishing the connection of said master-switchwith the circuit of the multiple magnet the said controlling-magnets aresuccessively operated, then released, the multiple magnet operated andthe controlling-magnets again successively operated; substantially asdescribed.

17. In a control system foreleetric motors, the combination of a numberof controlling magnets, actuating and maintaining circuits therefor, amagnet adapted to connect the motors in multiple, and means actuated bysaid controlling-magnets and adapted on the operation ot' the successivemagnets to include a succeeding magnet in the actuating-circuit and toinclude the actuated magnet in the maintaining-circuit, means actuatedwith one of the last of said magnets and adapted to interrupt themaintaining-circuit and to establish thereby the circuit of the multiplemagnet, means actuated with the multiple magnet and adapted toreestablish the said actuatingcircuit, a master-switch having contactsconnected with said controlling-magnets and with the multiple magnet,whereby on establishing the connection of said master-switch with thecircuit of the multiple magnet the said controlling-magnets aresuccessively operated. then released, the multiple magnet operated andthe controlling -magnets again successively operated, and an automaticswitch actuated by the current in the motor-circuit and adapted to checkthe current in the actuatingcircuit of the controlling-magnets when thecurrent for the motors exceeds a desired amount; substantially asdescribed.

18. In a control system for electric motors, the combination of a numberof controlling V magnets, a multiple-switch magnet, and a multiplegoverning-magnet, and an automatic switch actuated by the current in themotorcircuit and adapted to check the current in the circuit of saidmultiple governing-magnet when the current for the motors exceeds adesired amount; substantially as described.

19. In a control system for electric motors, the combination of a numberof controllingmagnets, a multiple switch and magnet, and a multiplegoverning-magnet, an actuating-circuit for the controlling-magnets,means for actuating the multiple governing-magnet by the saidactuating-circuit, and means for maintaining the multiplegoverning-magnet independently of said actuating-circuit; substantiallyas described.

20. In a system of electrical control, the combination with a controlledmotor,and its circuit,ot' a master-switch, actuating and maintainingcircuits independent of the motor-circuit and controllable individuallyby the master-switch, contact-controllin g magnets a lapted to beenergized thereby, and means whereby said contacts are operated lirst bythe actuating-circuit and are then held by the maintaining-circuit;substantially as described.

21. Inasystem ot' electricalcontrol, the combination with a controlledmotorand its circuit, of a master-switch, control]ing-magnets andactuating and maintaining circuits independent of the n1otor-circuit andindividually extending from the switch; substantially as described.

22. In a system of electrical control, the combination with a controlledmotor and its circuit of a master-switch, controHing-magnets, andactuating and maintaining circuits independent of the motor-circuit andextending from the master-switch, andv means for interrupting theactuatingcircuit at the master -switch without interrupting themaintaining-circuit; substantially as described.

23. In a system of electrical control,the combination of a number ofmagnets controlling contacts, a master-switch, actuating and maintainingcircuits for the magnets individually connected with the master switch,means whereby the magnets are successively included in theactuating-circuit and again excluded therefrom when they have beenoperated, and means for maintaining said contacts; substantially asdescribed.

at. In a system of electrical control the combination of a number ofmagnets controlling contacts, a master-switch, a plurality of circuitsindividually extending from the masterswitch to the magnets, part ofsaid circuits being arranged to successively actuate said contacts, andanother part of said circuits being arranged to maintain them afterbeing actuated; substantially as described.

25. In a control system for electric motors, the combination of a numberof magnets controlling contacts in the motor-circuit, a master-switch,and a plurality of circuits for the magnets individuallycontrollable bythe master-switch and adapted to be connected thereby with a source ofsupply of current; substantially as described.

26. The combination with a motor -con troller having a series ofseparate contacts, of an actuating-circuit controlled by the respectivecontacts and adapted to effect automatic ally progressive operation ofthe contacts, a master-switch controlling said circuit, and means at themaster-switch tor arresting the progression of the contacts withoutreleasing the contacts already operated; sul.)stantially as described.

27. In a system of electrical control,the combination of a number ofi'nagnets controlling contacts, a master-switch, an actuating-circuitcontrolled by the respective contacts and adapted to effectautomatically progressive operation of the contacts, amaintaining-circuit in which the magnets are included after IIO IIS

their respective contacts are actuated, and means controlled by themaster-switch for opening the actuating-circuit without affecting themaintaining-circuit; substantially as described.

- 28. In combination, a plurality of motors, resistances, a plurality ofseparately-actuated contact devices for controlling the acceleration ofsaid motors, said contact devices including resistance-controllingcontacts and series and parallel controlling contacts, and means foreflecting automatic progression of said contact devices so as to connectthe motors in series with the resistance in circuit, then to cut outsaid resistance, then to connect the motors in parallel with theresistance in circuit, and then to cut out said resistance.

29. In combination, a plurality of motors, resistances, a plurality ofseparately-actuated contact devices for controlling the acceleration ofsaid motors, said contact devices including resistance-controllingcontacts and series and parallel controlling contacts, means foreffecting automatic progression of said contact devices so as to connectthe motors in series with the resistance in circuit, then to cut outsaid resistance, then to connect the motors in parallel with theresistance in circuit, and then to cut out said resistance, and meansfor arresting the progression of said contact devices at any desiredpoint.

30. In combination, a plurality of motors, resistances, a plurality ofseparately-actuated contact devices for controlling the acceleration ofsaid motors, said contact devices including resistance-controllingcontacts and series and parallel controlling contacts, means foreffecting automatic progression of said contact devices so as to connectthe motors in series with the resistance in circuit, then to cut outsaid resistance, then to connect the motors in parallel with theresistance in circuit, and then to cut out said resistance, means forarresting the progression of said contact devices at any desired. point,and means for maintaining the contact devices already operated.

31. In combination, a plurality of motors, resistances, a plurality ofseparately-actuated contact devices for controlling the acceleration ofsaid motors, said contact devices including resistance-controllingcontacts and series and parallel controlling contacts, means foreffecting automatic progression of said contact devices so as to connectthe motors in series with the resistance in circuit, then to cut outsaid resistance, then to connect the motors in parallel with theresistance in circuit, and then to cut out said resistance, and meanscontrolled by the current in the motor circuit for arresting theprogression of the contact devices.

eluding resistance-controlling contacts and series and parallelcontrolling contacts, electromagnets controlling the operation of saidcontact devices, and means for automatically effecting the successiveenergization of said magnets so that the contact devices are operated toconnect the motorsin series with resistance in circuit, then to cut outsaid resistance, then to connect the motors in parallel with resistancein circuit, and then to cut out said resistance.

33. In a system of control, the combination of a group ofsuccessively-operating contact devices, means for efiecting theirautomatic progression, a master controlling device, and a controllingsystem operatively connected to said master controlling device andadapted by a movement of the master controlling device to arrest theprogression of said contact devices and to maintain the contact devicesalready operated.

34. In a system of control, the combination of a group ofsuccessively-operating contact devices, means for effecting theirautomatic progression, a master controlling device, and a controllingsystem comprising actuating means and maintaining means individuallyconnected to said master controlling device, whereby the progression ofsaid contact devices may be arrested without interfering with themaintaining means for the contact devices already operated.

35. In a system of control, the combination of a plurality oftranslating devices, controlling-switches for said translating devicescomprising a number of successively-operating contact devices, a contactdevice for connecting said translating devices in multiple relationship,and means actuated with one of said successively-opcrating contactdevices for controlling the operation of the multiple contact device. 7

36. The combination with a motor-controller having a series ofseparately-actuated contact devices, of actuating means controlled bythe respective contact devices and adapted to effect automaticprogression of the contact devices, a master controlling devicecontrolling said actuating means, and means at the master controllingdevice for arresting the progression of the contact devices withoutreleasing the contacts already operated.

37. A motor-controller comprising a series of separately-actuatedcontact devices, an actuating system therefor, means whereby theoperation of each of certain contact devices is controlled by aprecedingcontact device in the series, a maintaining system for said contactdevices, and means independent of the current in the motor-circuit forrendering said actuatin g system inoperative without affecting theoperation of said maintaining system.

' 38. A motor-controller comprising a series of separately-actuatedcontact devices, actuating means therefor, means whereby the operationof each of certain contact devices is controlled by a preceding contactdevice in the series, maintaining means for said contact devices, amaster controlling device, and means connected with said mastercontrolling device for rendering said actuating means inoperativewithout aifecting the operation of said maintaining means.

39. In a controlling system for a plurality of electric motors havingresistance elements primarily in circuit therewith, the combination witha manually-operated master controlling-switch for establishing initialcontrolling connections, of a plurality of motor-circuit switchesincluding resistance-controlling and series and multiple controllingvcontacts, a series of controlling-magnets for said switches, and aplurality of auxiliary switches operated in conjunction withcorresponding motor-circuit switches and severally connected to theactuating-coils of different controlling-magnets, whereby thecorresponding motor-circuit switches are closed progressively andautomatically through series and parallel relationship of the motorswithout movement of the master controlling-switch.

40. In a controlling system for railway vehicles or trains, thecombination with a plurality of motors, of a plurality of motor-circuitswitches, controlling-magnets therefor, means for energizing saidmagnets, a manually-operated master controlling-switch, acontrolling-circuit, a source of current-supply for said circuit, and aseries of auxiliary switches the actuating-coils of which are in saidcontrolling-circuit, said auxiliary switches cooperating with themotor-circuit switches to effect automatic speed acceleration of themotors through series and multiple relationship when the mastercontrolling-switch is in a given position.

41. In acontroller, the combination of aplurality of separately-actuatedswitches, magnets for controllingthe operation thereof, anactuating-circuit in which the magnet-coils are successively inserted,compensating resistances in said actuating-circuit, amaintainingcircuit, means for shifting said coils from the actuating tothe maintaining circuit, and compensating resistances in saidmaintaining-circuit.

42. In a controller, the combination of a plurality ofseparately-actuated switches, electromagnets for controlling theoperation thereof, actuating and maintaining circuits for themagnet-coils, means whereby the magnet-coils are successively insertedin the actuating-circuit and then cut out of said actuating-circuit andinserted in the maintaining-circuit, and compensating resistances insaid circuits for the purpose of maintaining the current in each circuitsubstantially uniform irrespective of the number of coils connected incircuit.

43. In a controller, the combination of a plurality ofseparately-actuated switches, electromagnets for controlling theoperation thereof, a common actuating-circuit in which themagnet-coilsare inserted successively, a maintaining-circuit in which saidmagnet-coi ls are connected in series with each other, compensatingresistances for the magnet-coils. and means for automatically changingthe relation of the coils and the compensating resistances.

44. In acontrol for electric motors, the combination of a plurality ofmagnet-operated switches actuated by a common circuit, and compensatingresistances inserted in or withdrawn from the controlling circuit by themovement of the magnet-switches.

45. In a controller, the combination of a plurality ofseparately-actuated switches, electromagnets for controlling theoperation of said switches, means for energizing said magnetssuccessively, a maintaining-circuit in which the magnet-coils areinserted in series with each other, compensating resistances in saidmaintaining-circuit each corresponding to a magnet-coil, and means forcutting out the resistances as the magnet-coils are inserted, so as tomaintain the resistance of said circuit substantially the sameindependent of the number of coils connected in circuit.

46. In a controller, the combination of a plurality ofseparately-actuated switches, electromagnets for controlling theoperation of said switches, an actuating-circuit for the magnetcoils,means for connecting the coils successively in said actuating-circuit tosuccessively operate said switches, means for maintaining said switchesafter they have been operated, compensating resistances in saidactuatingcircuit, each resistance corresponding to a magnet-coil, andmeans for cutting out the compensating resistance corresponding to acertain magnet-coil while that coil is connected in the circuit.

47. In a system of motor control, the combination of a plurality ofmotors, controllingswitches for said motors includingresistancecontrolling and series and multiple controlling contactdevices, and a multiple governing-relay controlling the operation ofsaid multiple contact device.

48. In a system of motor control, the combination of a plurality ofmotors, controllingswitches for said motors includingresistancecontrolling and series and multiple controlling contactdevices, means for effecting automatic progression of said switches, anda multiple governing-relay controlling the operation of said multiplecontact device.

49. In a system of motor control, the combination of a plurality ofmotors, controllingswitches for said motors, includingresistancecontrolling and series and multiple controlling contactdevices, means for effecting automatic progression of said switches, amultiple governing-relay controlling the operation of said multiplecontact device, and means operated with one of saidresistance-controlling contact IIO devices for controlling the operationof said' multiple governing-relay.

50. In a system of motor control, the comhination of a plurality ofmotors, controllingswitches forsaid motors includingresistancecontrolling and series and multiple controlling contactdevices, a multiple governing-relay, and a device controlled by thecurrent in the motor-circuit for checking the operation of the multiplegoverning-relay when the current in the motor-circuit exceeds apredetermined value. v

51. In a system of motor control, the combination of a plurality ofmotors, controllingswitches for said motors includingresistancecontrolling and series and multiple controlling contactdevices, a master controlling device, means controlled from the mastercontrolling In testimony whereof I have my hand.

GEORGE H. HILL.

lVitnesses:

A. E. VVALLAOE, THOMAS W. BAKEWELL.

